Friday, December 25, 2009

Universal Rights and Individualism come from Christianity?

This is probably pretty much obvious to many, but this part about western culture I never realized.  I will quote from Francis Fukuyama:

Westerners sometimes forget the importance of the transcendent monotheism of the Judaeo-Christian tradition to their political and social lives.  The idea that there is an eternal realm of divine law superior to all positive law gives the individual with access to that higher law potential grounds for revolt against all forms of secular authority.  It promotes both individualism and the concept of universalism.  The universalism is the ground not only for the Western concept of human rights that are transferable from one culture to another but for abstraction in the observation of nature and human behavior that is the basis for both the natural and social sciences (308).


Thus if I understand correctly, regardless of the one's religion in the West, there's a residue by-product  religious tradition that forms the basis of Western culture.  This is why we have the concept of rights and individualism.

If this is the case, then I would imagine Western cultures that have Judaeo-Christian traditional roots would be against collectivism, such as socialism or communism, but this is not necessarily the case (thinking of parts of Latin America, Russia, and parts of Europe).  Thus I imagine the explanation is rather more complex than connecting individualism to Christianity.

References
  • Fukuyama, Francis. "Asian Values, Korean Values, and Democratic Consolidation".  Institutional Reform and Democratic Consolidation in Korea. Ed. L. Diamond and D.C. Shin. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 2000.

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